The relationship between tectonic earthquakes and volcanic eruptions with particular reference to Santorini (Aegan Sea) and Indonesia

Abstract

In certain cases tectonic earthquakes can trigger volcanic eruptions; or outbreaks are followed by tectonic shocks within some hundred kilometres of the volcano and within some weeks or months after the beginning of the eruption. For the gradation of the cases which were analysed a space-time parameter, denoted by q, was introduced. At first altogether 47 cases are summarized in Tables I, II and III, respectively. After them almost all known eruptions of the Santorini volcano are treated. Also many eruptions of a number of Indonesian volcanoes are discussed. Finally some reasonable models are presented with the help of which one can give a rather simple geophysical explanation for the relationship in the case of both phreatic-phreatomagmatic and true magmatic eruptions. The paper is dedicated in honour of Mrs. Luus van Bemmelen and Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. Reinout Willem van Bemmelen.