The brachiopod assemblage from the Maastrichtian white chalk at Chełm, eastern Poland: stratigraphical and palaeoecological implications
Keywords:
Brachiopoda, Maastrichtian, Cretaceous, chalk, stratigraphy, palaeoecology
Abstract
Brachiopods from the lower upper Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) white chalk succession exposed at Chełm (eastern Poland) comprise Lingula cretacea, Isocrania costata, Cryptoporella antiqua, Cretirhynchia sp., Neoliothyrina sp., Carneithyris sp., Terebratulina chrysalis, T. faujasi, T. longicollis, Terebratulina spp., Gisilina sp., Bronnothyris bronni, Magas chitoniformis, Leptothyrellopsis polonicus and ?Aemula sp. This assemblage is relatively poor in terms of taxonomic diversity and specimen abundance and is dominated by stratigraphically long-ranging species. It is best comparable to that from the micromorphic brachiopod Rugia tenuicostata–Meonia semiglobularis Zone as distinguished in the white chalk successions of Denmark and northern Germany, although this zone is usually placed in the upper lower Maastrichtian. The Chełm succession represents a relatively deep-water and ‘benthos-poor’ variety of white chalk deposited in the Boreal Chalk Sea of Europe. The brachiopod assemblage studied is typical of such a habitat, having been controlled largely by the low availability of minute skeletal substrates suitable for brachiopod settlement.
References
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Reich, M. & Frenzel, P., 2002. Die Fauna und Flora der Rügener Schreibkreide (Maastrichtium, Ostsee). Archiv für Geschiebekunde 3: 73–284.Google Scholar
Roemer, A., 1841. Die Versteinerungen des norddeutschen Kreidegebirges. Hannover, 1–145.Google Scholar
Schlotheim, E.F. von, 1813. Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Versteinerungen in geognostischer Hinsicht. Leonhard’s Taschenbuch für die gesammte Mineralogie 7: 1–134.Google Scholar
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Schulz, M.-G. & Schmid, F., 1983. Das Ober-Maastricht von Hemmoor (N-Deutschland): Faunenzonen-Gliederung und Korrelation mit dem Ober-Maastricht von Dänemark und Limburg. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 13: 203–215.Google Scholar
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Sowerby, C. de, 1823. Genera of recent and fossil shells. 4. Sherwood and Co, London, pp. 115–160.Google Scholar
Steinich, G., 1963. Drei neue Brachiopodengattungen der Subfamilie Cancellothyridinae Thomson. Geologie 12(6): 732–740.Google Scholar
Steinich, G., 1965. Die artikulaten Brachiopoden der Rügener Schreibkreide (Unter-Maastricht). Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Abteilung A, Paläozoologie 2: 1–220.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1970. Die Stratigraphie des Maastricht von Dänemark und Norddeutschland aufgrund von Brachiopoden. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 12: 7–16.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1972. Morphological adaptation and population structures of the Danish chalk brachiopods (Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Biologiske Skrifter 19: 1–67.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1982. Brachiopods from the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary sequence, Kronsmoor (NW Germany). Geologisches Jahrbuch A61: 259–277.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1984. The Maastrichtian Stage in NW Europe, and its brachiopod zonation. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 33: 217–224.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F. & Birkelund, T., 1977. An integrated stratigraphical study of fossil assemblages from the Maastrichtian White Chalk of northwestern Europe. In: Kauffman, E.G. & Hazel, J.E. (eds): Concepts and Methods in Biostratigraphy. Hitchinson and Ross Inc. (Stroudsbourgh, PA): 257–281.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., Dons, T., Clausen, C.K. & Higham, J., 2003. Upper Cretaceous. In: The Millennium Atlas: petroleum geology of the central and northern North Sea. Geological Society of London: 213–233.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., Rasmussen, S.L., Boussaha, M., Schiøler, P., Schovsbo, N.H., Sheldon, E., Stemmerik, L. & Thibault, N.R., 2013. Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian holostratigraphy of the eastern Danish Basin. Cretaceous Research 46: 232–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thibault, N., Harlou, R., Schovsbo, N., Schiøler, P., Minoletti, F., Galbrun, B., Lauridsen, B.W., Sheldon, E., Stemmerik, L. & Surlyk, F., 2012. Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian nannofossil biostratigraphy and high-resolution carbon-isotope stratigraphy of the Danish Basin: towards a standard δ13C curve for the Boreal Realm. Cretaceous Research 33: 72–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walaszczyk, I., Dubicka, Z., Olszewska-Nejbert, D. & Remin, Z., 2016. Integrated biostratigraphy of the Santonian through Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of extra-Carpathian Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica 66: 321–358.
Walaszczyk, I., Jagt, J.W.M. & Keutgen, N., 2010. The youngest Maastrichtian ‘true’ inoceramids from the Vijlen Member (Gulpen Formation) in northeastern Belgium and the Aaschen area (Germany). Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 89(2): 147–167.
Błaszkiewicz, A., 1980. Campanian and Maastrichtian ammonites of the Middle Vistula River Valley, Poland: a stratigraphic-paleontological study. Prace Instytutu Geologicznego 92: 1–63.Google Scholar
Bojanowski, M.J., Dubicka, Z., Minoletti, F., Olszewska-Nejbert, D. & Surowski, M., 2017. Stable C and O isotopic study of the Campanian chalk from the Mielnik section (eastern Poland): signals from bulk rock, belemnites, benthic foraminifera, nannofossils and microcrystalline cements. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 465: 193–211. DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.032.Google Scholar
Christensen, W.K., Schmid, F. & Schulz, M.-G., 2005. Belemnitella from the Upper Maastrichtian of Hemmoor, Northwest Germany. Geologisches Jahrbuch A157(for 2004): 23–67.Google Scholar
Dubicka, Z. & Peryt, D., 2011. Integrated biostratigraphy of Upper Maastrichtian chalk at Chełm (SE Poland). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae 81: 185–197.Google Scholar
Dubicka, Z. & Peryt, D., 2012. Latest Campanian and Maastrichtian paleoenvironmental changes: implications from an epicontinental sea (SE Poland and western Ukraine). Cretaceous Research 37: 272–284. DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2012.04.009.Google Scholar
Emig, C.C., 1990. Examples of post-mortality alternation in recent brachiopod shells and (paleo)ecological consequences. Marine Biology 104: 233–238.Google Scholar
Engelke, J., Esser, K.J.K., Linnert, C., Mutterlose, J. & Wilmsen, M., 2016. The benthic macrofauna from the Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Kronsmoor (northern Germany, Saturn quarry): taxonomic outline and palaeoecologic implications. Acta Geologica Polonica 66: 671–694.Google Scholar
Engelke, J., Linnert, C., Mutterlose, J. & Wilmsen, M., 2017. Early Maastrichtian benthos of the chalk at Kronsmoor, northern Germany: implications for Late Cretaceous environmental change. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 97: 703–722.Google Scholar
Ernst, H., 1984. Ontogenie, Phylogenie und Autökologie des inarticulaten Brachiopoden Isocrania in der Schreibkreidefazies NW-Deutschlands (Coniac bis Maastricht). Geologisches Jahrbuch A77: 3–105.Google Scholar
Hagenow, F. von, 1842. Monographie der Rugen’schen Kreide-Versteinerungen III. Abtheilung: Mollusken. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie, und Petrefakten-Kunde 1842: 528–579.Google Scholar
Hansen, T. & Surlyk, F., 2014. Marine macrofossil communities in the uppermost Maastrichtian chalk of Stevns Klint, Denmark. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 399: 323–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jelby, M.E., Thibault, N.R., Surlyk, F., Ullmann, C.V., Harlou, R. & Korte, C., 2014. The lower Maastrichtian Hvidskud succession, Møns Klint, Denmark: calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, carbon isotope stratigraphy, and bulk and brachiopod oxygen isotopes. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 62: 89–104.Google Scholar
Johansen, M.B., 1987a. Brachiopods from the Maastrichtian-Danian boundary sequence at Nye Kløv, Jylland, Denmark. Fossils & Strata 20: 1–100.Google Scholar
Johansen, M.B., 1987b. The micromorphic brachiopod genus Rugia Steinich from the Middle Coniacian-Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Lägerdorf and Kronsmoor, northwest Germany. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 63: 127–183.Google Scholar
Johansen, M.B. & Surlyk, F., 1990. Brachiopods and the stratigraphy of the Upper Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Norfolk, England. Palaeontology 33: 823–872.Google Scholar
Kowalewski, M. & Flessa, K.W., 1996. Improving with age: the fossil record of lingulide brachiopods and the nature of taphonomic megabiases. Geology 24: 977–980.Google Scholar
Lundgren, B., 1885. Undersökningar öfver Brachiopoderna i Sverges kritsystem. Ǻrsskrift Lunds Universitet 20: 1–72.Google Scholar
Machalski, M., 2005. Late Maastrichtian and earliest Danian scaphitid ammonites in central Europe: taxonomy, evolution, and extinction. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50: 653–696.Google Scholar
Machalski, M., Owocki, K., Dubicka, Z., Malchyk, O. & Wierny, W., 2021. Stable isotopes and predation marks shed new light on ammonoid habitat depth preferences. Scientific Reports 11(1): 22730. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02236-9.Google Scholar
MacKinnon, D.I., Simon, E. & Bitner, M.A., 1998. A reappraisal of the problematic European, Late Cretaceous brachiopod Leptothyrellopsis polonicus Bitner & Pisera, 1979. Bulletin de l’Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 68: 175–180.Google Scholar
Naidin, D.P., 1952. Upper Cretaceous belemnites of western Ukraine. Trudy Moskovskogo Geologicheskogo Razvedochnogo Instituta imieni S. Ordzhonikidze, vol. 27: 1–170, [In Russian].Google Scholar
Nowak, J., 1913. Untersuchungen über die Cephalopoden der oberen Kreide in Polen. III Teil. Bulletin de l’Académie des Sciences de Cracovie. Classe des Sciences Mathématique et Naturelles. Série B. Sciences Naturelles 335: 1913–1415.Google Scholar
Posselt, H.J., 1894. Brachiopoderne i den danske Kridtformation. Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse, Second Series 4: 1–59.Google Scholar
Reich, M. & Frenzel, P., 2002. Die Fauna und Flora der Rügener Schreibkreide (Maastrichtium, Ostsee). Archiv für Geschiebekunde 3: 73–284.Google Scholar
Roemer, A., 1841. Die Versteinerungen des norddeutschen Kreidegebirges. Hannover, 1–145.Google Scholar
Schlotheim, E.F. von, 1813. Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Versteinerungen in geognostischer Hinsicht. Leonhard’s Taschenbuch für die gesammte Mineralogie 7: 1–134.Google Scholar
Schrøder, A.E. & Surlyk, F., 2020. Adaptive brachiopod morphologies in four key environments of the Late Cretaceous-Danian Chalk Sea of northern Europe: a comparative study. Cretaceous Research 107: 104288. DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104288.Google Scholar
Schulz, M.-G. & Schmid, F., 1983. Das Ober-Maastricht von Hemmoor (N-Deutschland): Faunenzonen-Gliederung und Korrelation mit dem Ober-Maastricht von Dänemark und Limburg. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 13: 203–215.Google Scholar
Simon, E. & Mottequin, B., 2018. Extreme reduction of morphological characters: a type of brachidial development found in several Late Cretaceous and Recent brachiopod species – new relationships between taxa previously listed as incertae sedis . Zootaxa 4444(1): 001–024.Google Scholar
Sowerby, C. de, 1823. Genera of recent and fossil shells. 4. Sherwood and Co, London, pp. 115–160.Google Scholar
Steinich, G., 1963. Drei neue Brachiopodengattungen der Subfamilie Cancellothyridinae Thomson. Geologie 12(6): 732–740.Google Scholar
Steinich, G., 1965. Die artikulaten Brachiopoden der Rügener Schreibkreide (Unter-Maastricht). Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Abteilung A, Paläozoologie 2: 1–220.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1970. Die Stratigraphie des Maastricht von Dänemark und Norddeutschland aufgrund von Brachiopoden. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 12: 7–16.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1972. Morphological adaptation and population structures of the Danish chalk brachiopods (Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Biologiske Skrifter 19: 1–67.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1982. Brachiopods from the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary sequence, Kronsmoor (NW Germany). Geologisches Jahrbuch A61: 259–277.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., 1984. The Maastrichtian Stage in NW Europe, and its brachiopod zonation. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 33: 217–224.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F. & Birkelund, T., 1977. An integrated stratigraphical study of fossil assemblages from the Maastrichtian White Chalk of northwestern Europe. In: Kauffman, E.G. & Hazel, J.E. (eds): Concepts and Methods in Biostratigraphy. Hitchinson and Ross Inc. (Stroudsbourgh, PA): 257–281.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., Dons, T., Clausen, C.K. & Higham, J., 2003. Upper Cretaceous. In: The Millennium Atlas: petroleum geology of the central and northern North Sea. Geological Society of London: 213–233.Google Scholar
Surlyk, F., Rasmussen, S.L., Boussaha, M., Schiøler, P., Schovsbo, N.H., Sheldon, E., Stemmerik, L. & Thibault, N.R., 2013. Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian holostratigraphy of the eastern Danish Basin. Cretaceous Research 46: 232–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thibault, N., Harlou, R., Schovsbo, N., Schiøler, P., Minoletti, F., Galbrun, B., Lauridsen, B.W., Sheldon, E., Stemmerik, L. & Surlyk, F., 2012. Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian nannofossil biostratigraphy and high-resolution carbon-isotope stratigraphy of the Danish Basin: towards a standard δ13C curve for the Boreal Realm. Cretaceous Research 33: 72–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walaszczyk, I., Dubicka, Z., Olszewska-Nejbert, D. & Remin, Z., 2016. Integrated biostratigraphy of the Santonian through Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of extra-Carpathian Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica 66: 321–358.
Walaszczyk, I., Jagt, J.W.M. & Keutgen, N., 2010. The youngest Maastrichtian ‘true’ inoceramids from the Vijlen Member (Gulpen Formation) in northeastern Belgium and the Aaschen area (Germany). Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 89(2): 147–167.
Published
2024-02-06
How to Cite
Machalski , M., & Bitner , M. A. (2024). The brachiopod assemblage from the Maastrichtian white chalk at Chełm, eastern Poland: stratigraphical and palaeoecological implications. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, 103. https://doi.org/10.1017/njg.2023.15
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